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ASTM F1854-2009 医用植入物上多孔覆层的立体测量评价的标准试验方法

作者:标准资料网 时间:2024-05-28 04:28:14  浏览:8677   来源:标准资料网
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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforStereologicalEvaluationofPorousCoatingsonMedicalImplants
【原文标准名称】:医用植入物上多孔覆层的立体测量评价的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMF1854-2009
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2009
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:F04.15
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:coatinggradiants;metallography;porosity;porouscoatings;stereology;thickness;Meaninterceptlength;Metallicsurgicalimplantmaterials;Porosity--medical/surgicalmaterials;Stereologicalmeasurement;Thickness--surgicalimplantmaterials;Voidco
【摘要】:Allofthesetestmethodsarerecommendedforelementaryquantificationofthemorphologicalpropertiesofporouscoatingsbondedtosolidsubstrates.Thesetestmethodsmaybeusefulforcomparativeevaluationsofdifferentcoatingsordifferentlotsofthesamecoating.Withtheexceptionofusingthealternatemountingmethod,allthemethodsshouldbeperformedonthesameworkingsurfaces.Thealternatemountingmethodcanonlybeusedfor9.2and9.3.Astatisticalestimatecanbemadeofthedistributionsofthemeancoatingthicknessandthevolumepercentvoid.Noestimatecanbemadeofthedistributionofinterceptlengths.Therearelimitstotheaccuratecharacterizationofporosity,dependingonspacingbetweenthelinesinthelinegrid(orpointsinthepointgrid)andtheindividualandcumulativefieldsusedforthemeasurements.Increasingthesizeofthefields,increasingthenumberoffields,ordecreasingthegridspacingwillincreasetheaccuracyofthemeasurementsobtained.Thismethodisnotsuitableforceramiccoatingsforwhichaccuratecoatingcrosssectionscannotbeproducedusingmetallographictechniques.Thistestmethoddoesnotaddresscharacterizationofcoatingshavingathicknessoflessthan300x03BC;m.1.1Thistestmethodcoversstereologicaltestmethodsforcharacterizingthecoatingthickness,voidcontent,andmeaninterceptlengthofvariousporouscoatingsadheringtononporoussubstrates.1.2Amethodtomeasurevoidcontentandinterceptlengthatdistinctlevels(x201C;tissueinterfacegradientsx201D;)throughtheporouscoatingthicknessisoutlinedin9.4.1.3Thealternatesampleorientationmethodin8.2isnotsuitableforthetissueinterfacegradientsmethodin9.4.1.4ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthisstandard.1.5Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:C45
【国际标准分类号】:11_040_40
【页数】:10P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


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【英文标准名称】:Cellularplasticsandrubbers--Determinationofapparent(bulk)density
【原文标准名称】:泡沫塑料和橡胶.表观密度(体密度)的测定
【标准号】:JISK7222-2005
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:日本
【发布日期】:2005-12-20
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:日本工业标准调查会(JP-JISC)
【起草单位】:TechnicalCommitteeonChemicalProducts
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:この規格は,硬質発泡プラスチックの見掛け全体密度及び見掛けコア密度並びに半硬質発泡プラスチック,軟質発泡プラスチック,及びゴムの見掛け密度の測定方法について規定する。試験材料が成形スキンをもつ場合には,見掛け全体密度若しくは見掛けコア密度,又はその両方を求める。成形スキンをもたない場合には,全体密度という用語は適用できない。
【中国标准分类号】:G34
【国际标准分类号】:83_100
【页数】:8P;A4
【正文语种】:日语


【英文标准名称】:Energyperformanceofbuildings-Calculationofenergyneedsforspaceheatingandcoolingusingdynamicmethods-Generalcriteriaandvalidationprocedures
【原文标准名称】:建筑物的能量性能.用动力学方法计算对流加热和制冷所需的能量.一般标准和确认程序
【标准号】:BSEN15265-2007
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:2007-09-28
【实施或试行日期】:2007-09-28
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(GB-BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:建筑物;计算公式;组件;建筑;制冷负荷;计算准则;数据;定义;能量;能量消耗;能量需求;能量性能;热学;热平衡;热力工程;热能;加热装置;内部温度;数学计算;计算方法;表面温度;温度;试验;结构热工性能;温度致适;隔热;热性能;热防护;转换系数;有校性
【英文主题词】:Buildings;Calculationformula;Components;Construction;Coolingloads;Criteriaforcalculations;Data;Definitions;Energy;Energyconsumption;Energydemands;Energyperformance;Heat;Heatbalance;Heatengineering;Heatingenergy;Heatinginstallation;Internaltemperature;Mathematicalcalculations;Methodsofcalculation;Surfacetemperatures;Temperature;Testing;Thermalbehaviourofstructures;Thermalcomfort;Thermalinsulation;Thermalproperties;Thermalprotection;Transfercoefficient;Validation
【摘要】:ThisEuropeanStandardspecifiesasetofassumptions,requirementsandvalidationtestsforproceduresusedforthecalculationoftheannualenergyneedsforspaceheatingandcoolingofaroominabuildingwherethecalculationsaredonewithatimestepofonehourorless.ThisEuropeanStandarddoesnotimposeanyspecificnumericaltechniqueforthecalculationoftheroomheatingorcoolingneedandtheinternaltemperaturesofaroom.ThepurposeofthisEuropeanStandardistovalidatecalculationmethodsusedto:?assesstheenergyperformanceofeachroomofabuilding;?provideenergydatatobeusedasinterfacewithsystemperformanceanalysis(heating,cooling,ventilating,lighting,domestichotwateretc).Thevalidationprocedureisusedtochecktheenergyneedforspaceheatingandcoolingbasedonatransientsensibleheatbalancemodel,takingintoaccount:?theexternalsurfaceheatbalance;?theconductionthroughthebuildingenvelope;?thethermalcapacitiesofexternalandinternalstructures;?theinternalsurfaceheatbalance;?theairheatbalance;?theheatbalancesolutionmethod.Allotheraspectsaregiveneitherbyprescribedboundaryconditionsorbyinputdataandarenotpartofthemodelvalidation.Itisassumed,thatforalltheseothermatterse.g.embeddedheatingandcoolingsystems,prescriptivemodelshavetobeusedaccordingtoexistingEuropeanStandards.ThesystemperformanceanalysisandmoisturebalancearenotwithinthescopeofthisEuropeanStandard.
【中国标准分类号】:P31
【国际标准分类号】:91_120_10
【页数】:78P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语



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